There isn't anything official at this time. When XenForo first came out, I was lost when it came to MVC. Mike advised me to go through the code, and that is what I did. I had a ton of questions and both Mike and Kier where very helpful in answering, or guiding me. Today there is a lot of tutorials available that you may want to read first, both official and unofficial. Finding a specific class is fairly easy, only because of how XF is structured. Each class is well documented within the file.
For example:
Loading of data is handled by a model. If you want to look at what is available for users then it's: library/XenForo/Model/User.php
Controllers handle the action. There are public, admin, response, and helper controllers. Members adjusting their account info (this is public), will be done here: library/XenForo/ControllerPublic/Account.php. Thread controller: library/XenForo/ControllerPublic/Thread.php
If you take a look at the controller file for Thread (just as an example), you should be able to tell exactly where each model, or view, is located as they follow the XenForo/Xxxxxxx/Xxxxxx structure.
This basic tutorial should help:
http://xenforo.com/community/threads/creating-an-addon.5416/ I wrote it when I was still learning MVC, and made some changes as I learned more.
I hope this helps in the meantime.