No thumbnail would be created because the image is too large. To adjust that you need to add $config['maxImageResizePixelCount'] to config.php with a value of around 30000000, e.g.
PHP:
$config['maxImageResizePixelCount'] = 30000000;
However, I think there is a bug here after all. The resize process doesn't actually check the above config value, and just tries to resize the image anyway. The image being very large is likely causing PHP to crash by exhausting all the available memory. This is what the config value should prevent from happening.
Regardless of that bug, the only option you have here to add a thumbnail of this image is to either delete the image, resize it locally, and then upload a smaller version of it. Or keep the large version uploaded and upload a custom thumbnail for it.