Setting _viewingUser explicitly false, disables calling $this->_searchModel->getViewableSearchResults, except you can never trigger this code path without extending XenForo_Search_Searcher as the setUser function has a too-restrictive type argument (array|null, can't set it to false).
Code:
/**
* User viewing for permission checks.
*
* @var array|null|false Means disable checks; null means current user
*/
protected $_viewingUser = null;
...
/**
* Sets the viewing user.
*
* @param array|null $viewingUser
*/
public function setUser(array $viewingUser = null)
{
$this->_viewingUser = $viewingUser;
}